Olevia 226-s12 Mounting

wastewater treatment. Mass balance. Food Microbiology Bacteria

It is establishing a process wastewater treatment continuously. In the first stage of the total amount of suspended matter entering the bioreactor is 1,000 tons per day. This wastewater is treated with an inoculum of 10,000 kilos of activated sludge. After this first stage, suspended matter is reduced to 10% of the initial concentration. There is evidence that the batteries present in activated sludge completely degraded into CO2 and H2O to 75% of the material introduced.

also microorganisms in activated sludge have a growth rate of 8,333 kilos per hour and cell death rate of 30 kilos per hour. The cumulative mass of microorganisms within the bioreactor is of 2,470 kilos per hour. Write

mass balances accumulated in the bioreactor for suspended matter and bacteria in activated sludge coming out of it.

Cell Respiration Lab Ap Bio

A person who is going to hike an omelette prepared using egg farm. The tortilla is prepared the night before. Unfortunately, these eggs are contaminated in the shell with Salmonella enterica . By break to beat them there is an inoculation of these microorganisms in food. That person likes the tortilla curd is not everything, so that cooking does not end with the pathogenic bacteria found in the innermost part of the tortilla. When finished it, that person leaves the tortilla to cool to room temperature. At 9 am the next day, put the tortilla in a pan that you enter in your backpack and hiking.

Data: Number of

S. enterica in the shell: 1,000 cells per square millimeter. Eggs
used: 6 eggs
Inoculation: shows 25% of bacteria in 1 cm egg box for

Maximum cooking temperature reached inside the tortilla: 60 º C
actual cooking time inside the tortilla: 2 minutes
Decimal Reduction Time Salmonella under these conditions: 0.5 minutes

temperature overnight (12 hours time): 15 º C
specific growth rate at 15 ° C. μ = 0.23 h-1

average temperature during the trip: 28 º C

specific growth rate at 28 ° C. μ = 0.87 h-1

minimum inoculum should be taken to S. enteric infection occurs: 1 million bacteria.

Question: estimate the time that the intake of a spike of the tortilla will cause salmonellosis with 100% certainty.

Note for non-English speaking: 1 skewer tortilla is a quarter (approx.) of it