Sennheiser 350 Vs Carcharias

exponential growth, future promises

This problem appeared in the June review of the subject of Industrial Microbiology.



With the current energy crisis are looking for new sources of hydrocarbons. It is increasingly clear that biofuels produced growing yeast from grain or other human food sources are more cons than pros. One drawback is that they diminish the food supply, with subsequent higher prices for them.

One possible solution is the use of microorganisms to produce biodiesel, mostly a lot of interest in photosynthetic bacteria. Thanks to the bacteria produce lipid metabolism that are then extracted and processed to produce biodiesel.

But bacteria have been out a competitor. There are companies that are investigating eukaryotic unicellular algae. As photosynthetic bacteria, algae also produce lipids that are then processed into biodiesel.

growth parameters of both types of organisms are:

you think

• What are the advantages of using photosynthetic microorganisms to produce biofuels instead of yeast-based methods and food products?


• Which of the two crops is more advantageous or less inconvenience to the industrial production of biodiesel and why?

Olevia 226-s12 Mounting

wastewater treatment. Mass balance. Food Microbiology Bacteria

It is establishing a process wastewater treatment continuously. In the first stage of the total amount of suspended matter entering the bioreactor is 1,000 tons per day. This wastewater is treated with an inoculum of 10,000 kilos of activated sludge. After this first stage, suspended matter is reduced to 10% of the initial concentration. There is evidence that the batteries present in activated sludge completely degraded into CO2 and H2O to 75% of the material introduced.

also microorganisms in activated sludge have a growth rate of 8,333 kilos per hour and cell death rate of 30 kilos per hour. The cumulative mass of microorganisms within the bioreactor is of 2,470 kilos per hour. Write

mass balances accumulated in the bioreactor for suspended matter and bacteria in activated sludge coming out of it.

Cell Respiration Lab Ap Bio

A person who is going to hike an omelette prepared using egg farm. The tortilla is prepared the night before. Unfortunately, these eggs are contaminated in the shell with Salmonella enterica . By break to beat them there is an inoculation of these microorganisms in food. That person likes the tortilla curd is not everything, so that cooking does not end with the pathogenic bacteria found in the innermost part of the tortilla. When finished it, that person leaves the tortilla to cool to room temperature. At 9 am the next day, put the tortilla in a pan that you enter in your backpack and hiking.

Data: Number of

S. enterica in the shell: 1,000 cells per square millimeter. Eggs
used: 6 eggs
Inoculation: shows 25% of bacteria in 1 cm egg box for

Maximum cooking temperature reached inside the tortilla: 60 º C
actual cooking time inside the tortilla: 2 minutes
Decimal Reduction Time Salmonella under these conditions: 0.5 minutes

temperature overnight (12 hours time): 15 º C
specific growth rate at 15 ° C. μ = 0.23 h-1

average temperature during the trip: 28 º C

specific growth rate at 28 ° C. μ = 0.87 h-1

minimum inoculum should be taken to S. enteric infection occurs: 1 million bacteria.

Question: estimate the time that the intake of a spike of the tortilla will cause salmonellosis with 100% certainty.

Note for non-English speaking: 1 skewer tortilla is a quarter (approx.) of it

Dry Tongue During Sleep

hound

genetically engineered a group has constructed a mutant Escherichia coli in the biosensor system that triggers the movement of the flagellum.

If inoculated wild type, call-1 strain in semisolid agar the bacteria can "Swim" and spread around:

wild strain:

(*) click on image to view larger

In the mutant strain, called strain-2, has the deleted gene chez encoding the protein Chez. Without this protein the flagellum movement control is lost.

First question: How do you behave the mutant? Does semisolid agar diffusion will be higher or lower than in the wild strain?

A the research team then takes the strain lacking Chez and I introduced a plasmid containing the gene for this protein, but under the control of a ribointerruptor (riboswitch) . This new strain is called strain-3.

The ribointerruptor works as follows:

• In the absence of a molecule, let's call it molecule A, the gene messenger mRNA chez can not be translated by ribosomes.


• In the presence of the molecule A, the mRNA of the gene chez can be translated by ribosomes.

Researchers Strain-3 inoculated in a semisolid agar plate where it has added a drop containing the molecule A in one side of the plate.

Second question: How will behave Strain-3 at the plate? Do or get closer to the molecule A?


This research group also introduced the gene for Green Fluorescent Protein or GFP ( F G reen luorescent P rotein ) in the strain-3, thus the strain-4. This bacterium emits green fluorescence by the protein

Third question: What practical use could be strain-4?

(*) Figure produced from the book " Brock. Biology of microorganisms " Pearson Publishing